Present Perfect Tense - English Sindhi Grammar
زمان حال ڪامل يا زمان حال ماضي قريب
Definition
Such a verb that shows some action started in past time and the same has recently been completed that is called present perfect tense.
وصف
اهڙو فعل جيڪوظاهر ڪري ته ڪوڪم گذريل وقت ۾ شروع ٿيو ۽ ساڳيو (ڪم) هينئر مڪمل ڪيوويو آهي ته ان کي زمان حال ڪامل يا زمان حال ماضي قريب چئبو آهي.
Note:- This tense signifies the completion of an action in present time.
Example
- She has eaten a meal.
- You have played a game.
- I have written a letter.
نوٽ:- هي زمان موجوده وقت ۾ ڪم جي پورائي کي ظاهر ڪندو آهي.
مثال
- هن ماني کاڌي آهي.
- توهان راند کيڏي آهي.
- مان هڪ خط لکيو آهي.
Helping Verbs
Note:- “Have” and “Has” are helping verbs of present perfect tense.
مددگار فعل
نوٽ :- "Have" ۽ "Has" زمان حال ڪامل جا مددگار فعل آهن.
Have and Has
- Have is used with first person, second Person and Plural (Nouns and Subjects) (I,We),(You), (They).
- Has is used with third person and singular Noun. (He, She, It, Ali)
Usage of Have and Has
Note:- Have and Has helping verbs are used in sentences.
Example
| I have shown you my birthday gifts. |
| We have included your name in a team. |
| You have watched historical movie yesterday. |
| He has spoken the true. |
| She have won the game. |
| It has laid an egg. |
| They have appeared in CSS exam. |
Have ۽ Has جو استمال.
نوٽ:- Have ۽ Has مددگار فعل جملي ۾ استمال ٿيندا آهن.
مثال
- مان توهانکي پنهنجي جنم دن جا تحفا ڏيکاريا آهن.
- اسين توهانجو نالو ٽيم ۾ داخل ڪيو آهي.
- توهان ڪاله تاريخي فلم ڏٺي آهي.
- هن سچ گالهايو آهي.
- هن راند کٽي آهي.
- هن آنو لاٿو آهي.
- اهي سي ايس ايس امتحان ۾ ويٺا آهن.
Main Verb
Note:- Third form of main verb is used in present perfect tense.
Example
| She has reached at her destination. |
| I have been in Canada. |
| You have returned to your country. |
مين فعل
نوٽ :- زمان حال ڪامل ۾ مين فعل جي ٽين صورت استمال ڪئي ويندي آهي.
مثال
- هوءَ پنهنجي منزل تي پهتي آهي.
- مان ڪينيڊا ويو آهيان.
- توهان پنهنجي ملڪ واپس ٿيا آهيو.
Formation - Assertive
| Subject | Helping Verb | Main Verb(3rd Form) | Object(Optional) |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | have | decided | to go my paternal grandfathers. |
| We | have | solved | our problems. |
| You | have | invested | your money on the business. |
| He | has | forgotten | your mistakes. |
| She | has | lost | her engagement ring. |
| It | has | accepted | your ATM card. |
| They | have | managed | Iftar party for us. |
| Ali | has | borrowed | the money. |
| Ali and Ahmed | have | examined | from the Doctor. |
بناوت - بياني
مثال
- مان پنهنجي ڏاڏاڻي وڃڻ جو فيصلو ڪيو آهي.
- اسين پنهنجيون پريشانيون حل ڪيون آهن.
- توهان پنهنجي ڪاروبار تي پئسا لگايا آهن.
- هن توهان جيون غلطيون وساري ڇڏيون آهن.
- هن پنهنجي مڱڻي جي منڊي وڃائي ڇڏي آهي.
- هن توهانجو اي ٽي ايم ڪارڊ کنيو آهي.
- انهن افطار دعوت جو بندوبست ڪيو آهي.
- عليءَ اوڌارا پئسا ورتا آهن.
- علي ۽ احمد ڊاڪٽر کان چڪاس ڪرائي آهي.
Formation - Negative
| Subject | Helping Verb | NOT | Main Verb (3rd Form) | Object(Optional) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | have | not | decided | to go my paternal grandfathers. |
| We | have | not | solved | our problems. |
| You | have | not | invested | your money on the business. |
| He | has | not | forgotten | your mistakes. |
| She | has | not | lost | her engagement ring. |
| It | has | not | accepted | your ATM card. |
| They | have | not | managed | Iftar party for us. |
| Ali | has | not | borrowed | the money. |
| Ali and Ahmed | have | not | examined | from the Doctor. |
بناوت - ناڪاري
مثال
- مان پنهنجي ڏاڏاڻي وڃڻ جو فيصلو نه ڪيو آهي.
- اسين پنهنجيون پريشانيون حل نه ڪيون آهن.
- توهان پنهنجي ڪاروبار تي پئسا نه لگايا آهن.
- هن توهان جيون غلطيون وساري نه ڇڏيون آهن.
- هن پنهنجي مڱڻي جي منڊي وڃائي نه ڇڏي آهي.
- هن توهانجو اي ٽي ايم ڪارڊ نه کنيو آهي.
- انهن افطار دعوت جو بندوبست نه ڪيو آهي.
- عليءَ اوڌارا پئسا نه ورتا آهن.
- علي ۽ احمد ڊاڪٽر کان چڪاس نه ڪرائي آهي.
Formation - Interrogative
| Helping Verb | Subject | Main Verb (3rd Form) | Object(Optional) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Have | I | decided | to go my paternal grandfathers? |
| Have | We | solved | our problems? |
| Have | You | invested | your money on the business? |
| Has | He | forgotten | your mistakes? |
| Has | She | lost | her engagement ring? |
| Has | It | accepted | your ATM card? |
| Have | They | managed | Iftar party for us? |
| Has | Ali | borrowed | the money? |
| Have | Ali and Ahmed | examined | from the Doctor? |
بناوت - سوالي
مثال
- ڇا مان پنهنجي ڏاڏاڻي وڃڻ جو فيصلو ڪيو آهي؟
- ڇا اسين پنهنجيون پريشانيون حل ڪيون آهن؟
- ڇا توهان پنهنجي ڪاروبار تي پئسا لگايا آهن؟
- ڇا هن توهان جيون غلطيون وساري ڇڏيون آهن؟
- ڇا هن پنهنجي مڱڻي جي منڊي وڃائي ڇڏي آهي؟
- ڇا هن توهانجو اي ٽي ايم ڪارڊ کنيو آهي؟
- ڇا انهن افطار دعوت جو بندوبست ڪيو آهي؟
- ڇا عليءَ اوڌارا پئسا ورتا آهن؟
- ڇا علي ۽ احمد ڊاڪٽر کان چڪاس ڪرائي آهي؟
Formation - Interrogative and Negative
| Helping Verb | Subject | NOT | Main Verb (3rd Form) | Object(Optional) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Have | I | not | decided | to go my paternal grandfathers? |
| Have | We | not | solved | our problems? |
| Have | You | not | invested | your money on the business? |
| Has | He | not | forgotten | your mistakes? |
| Has | She | not | lost | her engagement ring? |
| Has | It | not | accepted | your ATM card? |
| Have | They | not | managed | Iftar party for us? |
| Has | Ali | not | borrowed | the money? |
| Have | Ali and Ahmed | not | examined | from the Doctor? |
بناوت - ناڪاري ۽ سوالي
مثال
- ڇا مان پنهنجي ڏاڏاڻي وڃڻ جو فيصلو نه ڪيو آهي؟
- ڇا اسين پنهنجيون پريشانيون حل نه ڪيون آهن؟
- ڇا توهان پنهنجي ڪاروبار تي پئسا نه لگايا آهن؟
- ڇا هن توهان جيون غلطيون وساري نه ڇڏيون آهن؟
- ڇا هن پنهنجي مڱڻي جي منڊي وڃائي نه ڇڏي آهي؟
- ڇا هن توهانجو اي ٽي ايم ڪارڊ نه کنيو آهي؟
- ڇا انهن افطار دعوت جو بندوبست نه ڪيو آهي؟
- ڇا عليءَ اوڌارا پئسا نه ورتا آهن؟
- ڇا علي ۽ احمد ڊاڪٽر کان چڪاس نه ڪرائي آهي؟
Emphatic Sentences
| Subject | Helping Verb | REALLY | Main Verb (3rd Form) | Object(Optional) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| You | have | really | participated | a dinner. |
| She | has | really | introduced | her husband. |
| I | have | really | delivered | your message. |
تاقيدي جملا
مثال
- توهان ته رات جي مانيءَ ۾ شرڪت ڪئي آهي.
- هن سچ پچ پنهنجي مڙس جو تعارف ڪرايو آهي.
- مان واقعي توهانجو پيغام پهچايو آهي.
Contractions - Assertive
| I've hesitated in my speech. |
| We've selected the country for our trip. |
| You've neglect your mistakes. |
| He's fallen in love. |
| She's cooked Sindhi Biryani. |
| It's finished your task. |
| They've clicked wrong button. |
Contractions - Negative
| I haven't hesitated in my speech. |
| We haven't selected the country for our trip. |
| You haven't neglect your mistakes. |
| He hasn't fallen in love. |
| She hasn't cooked Sindhi Biryani. |
| It hasn't finished your task. |
| They haven't clicked wrong button. |
Contractions - Interrogative & Negative
| Haven't I hesitated in my speech? |
| Haven't We selected the country for our trip? |
| Haven't You neglect your mistakes? |
| Hasn't He fallen in love? |
| Hasn't She cooked Sindhi Biryani? |
| Hasn't It finished your task? |
| Haven't They clicked wrong button? |
