Present Simple Tense - English Sindhi Grammar
زمان حال سادو
Definition
A verb which is used to express an action in present time or A verb which is used to express daily occurring event or universal fact that is called Present simple tense.
وصف
اهڙو فعل جيڪو زمان حال ۾ هڪ ڪم جي استمعال کي بيان ڪري يا هڪ اهڙو فعل جيڪو ڪائناتي حقيقت يا روز مرهه جي موقعن جي استعمال کي بيان ڪري انکي زمان حال سادو چئبو آهي.
Note:- This tense shows the an action of subject in present time.
Example
- She eats meal.
- You play a game.
- I write a letter.
نوٽ :- هي زمان فاعل جي ڪم کي هلندڙ وقت ۾ ظاهر ڪندو آهي.
مثال
- هوءَ ماني کائي ٿي.
- تون راند کيڏين ٿو.
- مان هڪ خط لکان ٿو.
Helping Verbs
Note:- “Do” and “Does” are helping verbs of present simple tense.
مددگار فعل
نوٽ:- ”Do” ۽ ”Does” زمان حال سادي جا مددگارفعل آهن.
Do and Does
- Do is used with first person, second person or plural nouns.
- Does is used with third person and singular noun.
Example
| First Person | Second Person | Third Person |
|---|---|---|
| I | You(Singular) | He |
| We | You(Plural) | She |
| It | ||
| They | ||
| Ali | ||
| Ali and Ahmed |
Usage of Do and Does
Note:- Do and Does helping verbs are used when we change an assertive sentence into interrogative, negative, interrogative and negative or emphatic sentence.
Example
| She does not eat meal. (Negative) |
| Do you write a letter? (Interrogative) |
| Does Ali not go to school? (Int and Neg) |
| I do operate a computer. (Emphatic) |
Do ۽ Does جو استمعال
نوٽ:- do ۽ does مددگار فعل تڏهن استمعال ٿئيندا آهن جڏهن اسين هڪ بياني جملي کي تاقيدي، ناڪاري، سوالي، يا ناڪاري ۽ سوالي ۾ تبديل ڪندا آهيون.
مثال
- هوءَ ماني نه کائي ٿئي. (ناڪاري)
- ڇا توهان هڪ خط لکو ٿا؟ (سوالي)
- ڇا علي اسڪول نه وڃي ٿو؟ (سوالي ۽ ناڪاري)
- مان سچ پچ ڪمپيوٽر هلايان ٿو. (تاقيدي)
Main Verb
Note:- (1) First form of main verb is used in present simple tense.
Example
| She writes a message to you. |
| I save your money. |
| You catch fish. |
Note:- (2) If the subject is third person and singular noun in present simple tense, we add “s” in a main verb.
Example
| He eats meal. |
| She kills a snake. |
| It alerts. |
Note:- (3) If the subject is third person and singular noun in present simple tense and if main verb ends with (O, Ch, Sh, S, X, Z) then we add “es” in a main verb.
Example
| He watches Mohenjo daro movie. |
| She does homework. |
| Ali boxes him down. |
Note:- (4) If the subject is third person and singular noun in present simple tense and if main verb ends with Constant + Y then we remove “Y” and add “ies”.
Example
| It flies in the sky. |
| She marries with my friend. |
| He worries about his younger brother. |
Note:- (5) If the subject is third person and singular noun in present simple tense and main verb ends with vowel + Y then we just add “s“ in the end.
Example
| He stays with his father in karachi. |
| She slaps her younger sister. |
| we slays animals on Eid-ul-Azha. |
مين فعل
نوٽ:- (1) مين فعل جي پهرين صورت زمان حال سادي ۾ استمعال ٿيندي آهي.
مثال
- هوءَ توهان ڏانهن خط لکندي آهي.
- مان توهان جا پئيسا بچايان ٿو.
- توهان مڇي پڪڙيو ٿا.
نوٽ:- (2) جيڪڏهن فاعل زمان حال سادي ۾ ٽيون ماڻهون ۽ واحد اسم آهي پوءِ اسين مين فعل ۾ “s“ لگائيندا آهيون.
مثال
- هي ماني کائيندو آهي.
- هوءَ هڪ نانگ کي ماري ٿي.
- اهو هوشيار ڪري ٿو.
نوٽ:-(3) جيڪڏهن فاعل زمان حال سادي ۾ ٽيون ماڻهون ۽ واحد اسم آهي ۽ جيڪڏهن مين فعل جي آخر ۾ (O, Ch, Sh, S, X, Z) آهن پوءِ اسين “es“ مين فعل جي آخر ۾ لگائيندا آهيون.
مثال
- هي موهن جو دڙو مووي ڏسي ٿو.
- هوءَ گھرجو ڪم ڪري ٿئي.
- علي هنکي مڪوهڻي ڪيرائي ٿو.
نوٽ:-(4) جيڪڏهن فاعل زمان حال سادي ۾ ٽيون ماڻهون ۽ واحد اسم آهي ۽ جيڪڏهن مين فعل جي آخر ۾ ”Constant + Y” آهي پوءِ اسين ”y” هٽائي ڪري ”ies” لگائيندا آهيون.
مثال
- اهو آسمان ۾ اڏامي ٿو.
- هوءَ منهنجهي دوست سان شادي ڪري ٿي.
- هي پنهنجھي ڀاءُ لاءِ پريشان ٿئي ٿو.
نوٽ:-(5) جيڪڏهن فاعل زمان حال سادي ۾ ٽيون ماڻهون ۽ واحد اسم آهي ۽ جيڪڏهن مين فعل جي آخر ۾ ”vowel + Y” آهي پوءِ اسين ”y” کي نه هٽائينداسين صرف ”s” فعل جي آخر ۾ لگائينداسين.
مثال
- هي ڪراچيءَ ۾ پنهنجھي پيءُ سان گڏ رهندو آهي.
- هوءَ پنهنجھي ننڍڙي کي ڀيڻ چماٽ هڻي ٿي.
- اسين عيدالاضحىٰ تي جانور ڪوهندا آهيون.
Formation - Assertive
| SUBJECT | Main Verb | Object(Optional) |
|---|---|---|
| I | appear | in CSS exam. |
| We | decide | to go home. |
| You | make | mistake in writing. |
| He | raises | his voice in a meeting. |
| She | tries | to determine. |
| It | brings | change.. |
| They | describe | worst situation in hell. |
| Ali | relies | completely his parents. |
| Ali and Ahmed | compare | their watches |
بناوت - بياني
مثال
- مان CSS جو امتحان ڏيان ٿو.
- اسان گھر وڃڻ جو سوچيو آهي.
- توهان لکت ۾ غلطي ڪيوٿا.
- هي گڏجاڻيءَ ۾ آواز اٿاريندو آهي.
- هوءَ پڪي ارادي ڪرڻ جي ڪوشش ڪري ٿي.
- اهو تبديلي آڻي ٿو.
- اهي دوزغ جي خراب حالت کي بيان ڪن ٿا.
- علي مڪمل طور پنهنجھي والدين تي ڀاڙي ٿو.
- علي ۽ احمد پنهنجھي گھڙي ڀيٽائن ٿا.
Formation - Negative
| SUBJECT | Helping Verb | Not | Main Verb | Object(Optional) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | do | not | appear | in CSS exam. |
| We | do | not | decide | to go home. |
| You | do | not | make | mistake in writing. |
| He | does | not | raise | his voice in a meeting. |
| She | does | not | try | to determine. |
| It | does | not | bring | change.. |
| They | do | not | describe | worst situation in hell. |
| Ali | does | not | rely | completely his parents. |
| Ali and Ahmed | do | not | compare | their watches |
بناوت - ناڪاري
مثال
- مان CSS جو امتحان نه ڏيان ٿو.
- اسان گھر وڃڻ جونه سوچيو آهي.
- توهان لکت ۾ غلطي نه ڪيوٿا.
- هي گڏجاڻيءَ ۾ آوازنه اٿاريندو آهي.
- هوءَ پڪي ارادي ڪرڻ جي ڪوشش نه ڪري ٿئي.
- اهو تبديلي نه آڻي ٿو.
- اهي دوزغ جي خراب حالت کي بيان نه ڪن ٿا.
- علي مڪمل طور پنهنجھي والدين تي نه ڀاڙي ٿو.
- علي ۽ احمد پنهنجھي گھڙي نه ڀيٽائن ٿا.
Formation - Interrogative
| Helping Verb | SUBJECT | Main Verb | Object(Optional) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Do | I | appear | in CSS exam? |
| Do | we | decide | to go home? |
| Do | you | make | mistake in writing? |
| Does | he | raise | his voice in a meeting? |
| Does | she | try | to determine? |
| Does | it | bring | change? |
| Do | they | describe | worst situation in hell? |
| Does | Ali | rely | completely his parents? |
| Do | Ali and Ahmed | compare | their watches? |
بناوت - سوالي
مثال
- ڇا مان CSS جو امتحان ڏيان ٿو؟
- ڇا اسان گھر وڃڻ جو سوچيو آهي؟
- ڇا توهان لکت ۾ غلطي ڪيوٿا؟
- ڇا هي گڏجاڻيءَ ۾ آواز اٿاريندو آهي؟
- ڇا هوءَ پڪي ارادي ڪرڻ جي ڪوشش ڪري ٿئي؟
- ڇا اهو تبديلي آڻي ٿو؟
- ڇا اهي دوزغ جي خراب حالت کي بيان ڪن ٿا؟
- ڇا علي مڪمل طور پنهنجھي والدين تي ڀاڙي ٿو؟
- ڇا علي ۽ احمد پنهنجھي گھڙي ڀيٽائن ٿا؟
Formation - Interrogative and Negative
| Helping Verb | SUBJECT | Not | Main Verb | Object(Optional) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Do | I | not | appear | in CSS exam? |
| Do | we | not | decide | to go home? |
| Do | you | not | make | mistake in writing? |
| Does | he | not | raise | his voice in a meeting? |
| Does | she | not | try | to determine? |
| Does | it | not | bring | change? |
| Do | they | not | describe | worst situation in hell? |
| Does | Ali | not | rely | completely his parents? |
| Do | Ali and Ahmed | not | compare | their watches? |
بناوت - ناڪاري ۽ سوالي
مثال
- ڇا مان CSS جو امتحان نه ڏيان ٿو؟
- ڇا اسان گھر وڃڻ جو نه سوچيو آهي؟
- ڇا توهان لکت ۾ غلطي نه ڪيوٿا؟
- ڇا هي گڏجاڻيءَ ۾ آواز نه اٿاريندو آهي؟
- ڇا هوءَ پڪي ارادي ڪرڻ جي ڪوشش نه ڪري ٿئي؟
- ڇا اهو تبديلي نه آڻي ٿو؟
- ڇا اهي دوزغ جي خراب حالت کي نه بيان ڪن ٿا؟
- ڇا علي مڪمل طور پنهنجھي والدين تي نه ڀاڙي ٿو؟
- ڇا علي ۽ احمد پنهنجھي گھڙي نه ڀيٽائن ٿا؟
Emphatic Sentences
| SUBJECT | Do or Does | Main Verb | Object(Optional) |
|---|---|---|---|
| You | do | watch | a television. |
| Ali | does | offer | prayers. |
| I | do | write | a computer code. |
تاقيدي جملا
مثال
- توهان ته ٽيليويزن ڏسندا آهيو.
- علي سچ پچ نماز پڙهندو آهي.
- مان واقعي ڪمپيوٽر جو ڪوڊ لکان ٿو.
Contractions - Negative
| I don't waste my time. |
| He doesn't fly a kite. |
Contractions - Interrogative & Negative
| Don't I waste my time? |
| Doesn't he fly a kite? |
Model Sentences
| He sends me a gratis copy of book. |
| They get married on the account of the baby. |
| My Father celebrates his birthday with my family. |
| Your elder brother takes responsibility to fulfil his promise. |
| Me and my friend Ammar participate in programming competition. |
| We go to DreamWorld on weekends. |
| She litters her room. |
| I pass on the knowledge to you. |
| They prefer their father’s objurgation to their mother’s berating over final year result. |
| A doctor amputates the patient’s leg by surgical operation. |
مثالي جملا
- هي بڪ جي مفت ڪاپي موڏانهن موڪلي ٿو.
- اهي ٻار جي ڪري شادي ڪرن ٿا.
- منهنجھو پيءُ منهنجھي خاندان سان پنهنجھي سالگراهه ملائي ٿو.
- توهانجو وڏو ڀاءُ هن جي وادي پوري ٿيڻ جي زميداري کڻي ٿو.
- مان ۽ منهنجھو دوست امار پروگرامنگ جي تقريب ۾ حصو وٺندا آهيون.
- اسين هر ويڪنڊ تي ڊريم ورلڊ ويندا آهيون.
- هوءَ پنهنجھو ڪمرو گندو ڪري ٿئي.
- مان توهانکي علم ڏيان ٿو.
- اهي آخري سال جي نتيجي تي پنهنجھي ماءُ جي تعنن کان پنهنجھي پيءُ جي بري ڀلي چوڻ کي ترجيع ڏيئن ٿا.
- ڊاڪٽر سرجيڪل آپريشن سان مريض جي ڄنگھ هٽائي ٿو.
Exercise (1) Change into Negative
| This road leads to Karachi. |
| Doctor examines the patients. |
| Each day gives us new hope. |
| You usually appears active. |
| Chief Minister addresses the Nation. |
| You underestimate me. |
Exercise (1) Change into Negative
| You deserve this. |
| He pays full attention towards studies. |
| They make my day awesome. |
| She leaves him alone. |
| I know my duty very well. |
| Faheem starts shout. |
Vocabulary
| Word | Mean | معنيٰ |
|---|---|---|
| Write | compose | لکڻ |
| Catch | capture | پڪڻ |
| Marry | join in marriage. | شادي ڪرڻ |
| Stay | remain in the same place. | ترسڻ |
| Slay | kill (a person or animal) in a violent way. | ڪهڻ |
| Slap | hit (someone or something) with the palm of one's hand or a flat object. | چماٽ لگائڻ |
| Appear | come into sight; | وهڻ، ظاهر ٿيڻ،ڏيڻ |
| Decide | come to a resolution in the mind as a result of consideration. | فيصلو ڪرڻ |
| Raise | lift or move to a higher position or level. | اڀرڻ، اٿارڻ |
| Try | make an attempt or effort to do something. | ڪوشش ڪرڻ |
| Bring | come to a place with (someone or something). | آڻڻ |
| Describe | give an account in words of (someone or something), | بيان ڪرڻ |
| Rely | depend on with full trust or confidence. | ڀاڻڻ |
| Compare | estimate, measure | ڀيٽائڻ |
| Waste | use or expend carelessly | ذايع ڪرڻ |
| Noise | a sound, especially one that is loud or unpleasant | آواز ڪرڻ |
| Gratis | without charge; free. | مفت |
| Celebrate | publicly acknowledge | ملهائڻ |
| Participate | take part. | شرڪت ڪرڻ |
| litter | trash, such as paper, cans, and bottles | خراب ڪرڻ |
| Objurgation | chiding: rebuking a person harshly | برو ڀلو چوڻ |
| Berate | scold or criticize (someone) angrily. | تعنو ڏيڻ |
| Amputate | cut off (a limb), typically by surgical operation. | هٽائڻ |
| Lead | cause (a person or animal) to go with one by holding them by the hand | اگوڻي ڪرڻ |
| Examine | inspect (someone or something) in detail to determine their nature or condition; | چڪاس ڪرڻ |
| Hope | a feeling of expectation and desire for a certain thing to happen | اميد ڪرڻ |
| Address | speak to (a person or an assembly), | خطاب ڪرڻ |
| Underestimate | estimate (something) to be smaller or less important than it actually is. | گھٽ ڪرڻ |
| Attention | notice taken of someone or something; | ڌيان ڏيڻ |
| Shout | (of a person) utter a loud call or cry, | آواز ڪرڻ |